1.4.5: Images of Text [AA]

Description Sufficient Techniques Advisory Techniques Failures Notes

Description

If the technologies being used can achieve the visual presentation, text is used to convey information rather than images of text except for the following:

Customizable

The image of text can be visually customized to the user's requirements;

Essential

A particular presentation of text is essential to the information being conveyed.

Sufficient Techniques

Sufficient Techniques for Success Criterion 1.4.5

Note: Other techniques may also be sufficient if they meet the success criterion. See Understanding Techniques.

• C22: Using CSS to control visual presentation of text
• C30: Using CSS to replace text with images of text and providing user interface controls to switch
• G140: Separating information and structure from presentation to enable different presentations
• PDF7: Performing OCR on a scanned PDF document to provide actual text

Advisory Techniques

Advisory Techniques for Success Criterion 1.4.5

• C12: Using percent for font sizes
• C13: Using named font sizes
• C14: Using em units for font sizes
• C8: Using CSS letter-spacing to control spacing within a word
• C6: Positioning content based on structural markup

Failures

Failures for Success Criterion 1.4.6

• F24: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.3, 1.4.6 and 1.4.8 due to specifying foreground colors without specifying background colors or vice versa
• F83: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.3 and 1.4.6 due to using background images that do not provide sufficient contrast with foreground text (or images of text)

Notes